Regulation 18B-No Free Man 

Resources consulted in my research for this play.  Scott W.Wright

Sources, Primary 

  • Liversidge v. Anderson [1942] A.C. 206-282 (3 Nov 1941).
  • Geoffrey Lewis, Lord Atkin, London Butterworths (1983).
  • The Papers of James Richard Atkin: Baron Atkin of Aberdovey: 1867-1944, Repository Code 379, The Honourable Society of Gray's Inn, London, England.
  • Regulation 18B, Defence (General) Regulations, Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, 1939.
  • The declassified Regulation 18B and Liversidge v. Anderson files, Treasury Solicitor and HM Procurator General, Treasury and Misc. Registered Files, Defence Regulation 18B, TS 27/501 (Claim by Robert William Liversidge for damages for false imprisonment, 1941-1942) and TS 27/509 (Home Office filed sent for scrutiny, 1941), The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, England.

Sources, Parliamentary Debates

  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, 1939, 352 Parl. Deb., H.C. cc 1829-1902 (Hansard, 31 Oct 1939).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Lords, Emergency Powers (Defence) (No. 2) Bill, 117 Parl. Deb., H.L. cc 3-40 (Hansard, 30 July 1940).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, Internees, 364 Parl. Deb., H.C. cc 1475-1586 (Hansard, 22 Aug 1940).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, Visits to Ireland and Regulation 18B, 374 Parl. Deb., H.C. cc 1703-1754 (Hansard, 21 Oct 1941).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Lords, Liversidge v. Anderson: Lord Maugham’s Letter, 121 Parl. Deb., H.L. cc 67-71 (Hansard, 19 Nov 1941).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, Defence Regulations, 376 Parl. Deb., H.C. cc 776-862 (Hansard, 26 Nov 1941).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, Ministry of Information (Cancelled Broadcast), 376 Parl. Deb., H.C. cc 2189-2224 (Hansard, 18 Dec 1941).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Commons, Defence Regulation 18B, 381 Parl. Deb., H.C. cc 1426-1519 (Hansard, 21 July 1942).
  • Parliamentary Debates, House of Lords, Regulation 18B, 130 Parl. Deb., H.L. cc 487-516 (Hansard, 25 Jan 1944)

Sources, Books & Journal Articles and Case Notes 

  • Administrative Discretion and Civil Liberties in England: The Liversidge, Greene and Duncan Cases (1943) 56 Harvard Law Review 806-814.
  • Carleton Kemp Allen, Regulation 18B and Reasonable Cause (1942) 58 The Law Quarterly Review 232-242.
  • Aharon Barak, The Judge in a Democracy, Princeton University Press (2006).
  • Francis Bennion, Defending Liversidge v. Anderson, (1988) 3 Denning Law Journal __ (1988).
  • Francis Bennion, The Terrorists Should Not Be Allowed to Win, 13 The Commonwealth Lawyer 36-40 (April 2004).
  • Lord Bingham, Mr. Perlzweig, Mr. Liversidge, and Lord Atkin, The Atkin Lecture (1997) at The Reform Club, published as Chapter 3 in The Business of Judging: Selected  Essays and Speeches, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2000).
  • Lord Bingham, The Business of Judging, Oxford: Oxford University Press (2000).
  • Lord Bingham, The Case of Liversidge v. Anderson: The Rule of Law Amid the Clash of Arms (2009) 43 The International Lawyer 33-38.
  • A.E. Bowker, Behind the Bar, Staples Press (1949).
  • Lord Denning, Landmarks in the Law, London Butterworths (1984).
  • Neil Duxbury, Lord Wright and Innovative Traditionalism, (Summer 2009) 59 University of Toronto Law Journal 265-339.
  • David Faber, Munich 1938: Appeasement and World War II, Simon and Schuster (2008).
  • Stephen Flower, Palace at War, Research Publications (2009).
  • C. G., Notes on Recent Cases, Constitutional Law – Emergency Powers (Defence) Act, 1939, Regulation 18B, Liversidge v. Anderson, 8 Cambridge Law Journal 95 (1944).
  • A. L. Goodhart, Case Note, Liversidge v. Anderson (1942) 58 The Law Quarterly Review 3-10.
  • A. L. Goodhart, Lord Wright, 1869-1964 (1965) 51 Proceedings of the British Academy 429-437.
  • H.C. Gutteridge, Lord Atkin of Aberdovey, 1867-1944 (1944) 60 The Law Quarterly Review 334-340.
  • R. F. V. Heuston, Liversidge v. Anderson in Retrospect (1970) 86 The Law Quarterly Review 33-68.
  • R. F. V. Heuston, Lives of the Lord Chancellors: 1885-1940, Oxford Clarendon Press (1964).
  • W.S. Holdsworth, Case Note, Liversidge v. Anderson (1942) 58 The Law Quarterly Review 1-3.
  • Edward Jenks, The Book of English Law, with foreword by Baron Richard Atkin, London John Murray Publishers (1928).
  • G. W. Keeton, Liversidge v. Anderson, 5 Modern Law Review 162-173 (1942).
  • H. Montgomery Hyde, Norman Birkett: The Life of Lord Birkett of Ulverston, Hamish Hamilton Ltd (1964).
  • Lord Neuberger, The Equity of Human Rights, The Atkin Lecture, Reform Club, London (5 November 2009).
  • Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: Atkin, J.R., pages 812-815, Oxford University Press (2004).
  • A.W. Brian Simpson, In the Highest Degree Odious: Detention Without Trial in Wartime Britain, Oxford Clarendon Press (1992).
  • A.W. Brian Simpson, Rhetoric, Reality and Regulation 18B, (1988) 3 Denning Law Journal 123-153.
  • Donald Thomas, The Enemy Within: Hucksters, Racketeers, Deserters & Civilians During the Second World War, New York University Press (2003).
  • John Wheeler Bennett, John Anderson, Viscount Waverly, London Macmillan and Company (1962).
  • Lord Wright, Legal Essays and Addresses, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press (1939).
  • Lord Wright, Lord Atkin of Aberdovey, 1867-1944 (1944) 60 The Law Quarterly Review 332-334.
  • Lord Wright, Lord Atkin of Aberdovey, 1867-1944 (1946) 32 Proceedings of the British Academy 307-324.

Sources, Newspaper & Magazine Articles, Editorials and Letters to the Editor

  • The Times, March 2, 1939; Deaths: Funeral Services, Lady Atkin, p. 17.
  • The Times, May 24, 1940; Politics and Parliament: House of Commons, Thurs. May 23; The New Defence Regulations, p. 3.
  • The Times, July 31, 1940; Politics and Parliament: House of Lords, Tues. July 30, Another Secret Sitting, Commons Decision, p. 2.
  • The Times, Sept. 19, 1941; Law Report, Sept. 18, House of Lords, Regulation 18B: Onus of Proof, Liversidge v. Anderson, p. 9.
  • The Times, Sept. 20, 1941; Law Report, Sept. 19, House of Lords, Regulation 18B: Onus of Proof, Liversidge v. Anderson, p. 7.
  • The Times, Sept. 23, 1941; Law Report, Sept. 22, House of Lords, Regulation 18B: Onus of Proof, Liversidge v. Anderson, p. 9.
  • The Sunday Times, Oct. 26, 1941; Leader: National Security, p. _.
  • The Economist, Nov. 1, 1941; Leader: The Wave of the Future, pp. 523-524.
  • The Economist, Nov. 1, 1941; Notes of the Week, pp. 528- 529.
  • The New Statesman and Nation, Nov. 1, 1941; A London Diary, pp. 388-389.
  • The Times, Nov. 1, 1941; News: Channel Islands Food Seized, Conditions Described by Escaped Youth, p. 5.
  • The New York Times, Nov. 2, 1941; Editorial: 1941 Illuminates 1914, p. _.
  • The New York Times, Nov. 2, 1941; Editorial: The Reuben James, p. _.
  • The New York Times, Nov. 2, 1941; London Has Alarm Again, Germans Strike City District in First Alert Since July 27, p. _.
  • The New York Times, Nov. 2, 1941; Cabinet Changes Seen in England, p. _.
  • The New York Times, Nov. 2, 1941; Nazis Again Fan Hatred of Jews, p. _.
  • The Sunday Times, Nov. 2, 1941; Nazis Advance in Crimea, p. 1.
  • The Sunday Times, Nov. 2, 1941; London Raid, p. 1.
  • The Sunday Times, Nov. 2, 1941; Leader: The Safety Curtain, p. _. 
  • The Sunday Times, Nov. 2, 1941; Yesterday's Speeches, p. _.
  • Evening Standard, Nov. 3, 1941; The Power to Imprison: Protest by a Law Lord: Executive-Minded Judges, p. 8.
  • Evening Standard, Nov. 3, 1941; Law Lord Quotes Humpty-Dumpty and Alice.
  • Evening Standard, Nov. 3, 1941; House of Lords and 18B Appeal: Home Secretary's Decision Final.
  • The New York Times, Nov. 3, 1941; Texts of the Day’s War Communiques of Sun. Nov 2, p. _.
  • The Star, Nov. 3, 1941; Defence Laws: Lord Atkin Protests Threat to Liberty.
  • The Times, Nov. 3, 1941; News: Russian Gains in Centre, Ground Frozen Hard; Hard Struggle for The Crimea, Sevastopol Threatened, p. 4.
  • Daily Herald, Nov. 4, 1941; Liberty Plea by Law Lord, p. 3.
  • Daily Mail, Nov. 4, 1941; The Judges Judged By a Law Lord.
  • News Chronicle, Nov. 4, 1941; Leader: Well Spoken, p. 3.
  • News Chronicle, Nov. 4, 1941; Power to Imprison: Judge Makes a Protest, p. 3.
  • The Times, Nov. 3, 1941; News: Russian Gains in Centre, Ground Frozen Hard; Hard Struggle for The Crimea, Sevastopol Threatened, p. 4.
  • The Times, Nov. 4, 1941; Claim of Unlawful Detention: Appeal Dismissed by House of Lords.
  • The Times, Nov. 4, 1941; Law Report, Nov. 3, House of Lords, Regulation 18B: Onus of Proof, Liversidge v. Anderson, p. 9.
  • Evening News, Nov. 6, 1941; Judge Criticises Judge: Lord Maugham and Lord Atkin Surprise.
  • The Manchester Guardian, Nov. 8, 1941; Parliament & Home Secretary's Powers: ''Reasonable Cause'' Under 18B, p. 7.
  • The New Statesman and Nation, Nov. 8, 1941; A London Diary, p. 402.
  • Evening Standard, Nov. 11, 1941; It Is Not Safe to Alter 18B, Churchill Tells Parliament.
  • Daily Telegraph, Nov. 11, 1941; Detentions by Home Office: Safeguards Urged.
  • The Manchester Guardian, Nov. 12, 1941; Leader: Unsatisfactory, p. 4.
  • The Times, Nov. 12, 1941; The Liversidge Judgment.
  • The Times, Nov. 12, 1941; Letters to the Editor: The Five Knights, Two Views of the Lords’ Decision, P.E. Roberts, p. 5.
  • The Times Weekly Edition, Nov. 12, 1941; Leader: War and Habeas Corpus, pp. 4-5.
  • The Economist, Nov. 15, 1941; By a Correspondent: Regulation 18B, pp. 586-587.
  • The New Statesman and Nation, Nov. 15, Letter to the Editor: The Liberty of the Subject, Harold J. Laski, p. 421.
  • The Times, Nov. 15, 1941; Leader: 18B, p. 5.
  • The Times, Nov. 15, 1941; Letters to the Editor: F. H. Hamilton, p. 5.
  • Time Magazine, Nov. 17, 1941; Foreign News: Atkin Dissenting.
  • Evening News, Nov. 19, 1941; My Letter About Lord Atkin: by Lord Maugham.
  • Evening Standard, Nov.20, 1941; Londoner's Diary and Political Cartoon  (Referencing the Home Secretary with drawing of Nazi Concentration Camp). 
  • News Review, Nov. 20, 1941; Judgment of Judgments, p. 21.
  • The Times, Nov. 20, 1941; Politics and Parliament, House of Lords, Wed. Nov. 19, Habeas Corpus in War, Lord Maugham’s Offer to Lord Atkin, p. 9.
  • The Economist, Nov. 22, 1941; Leader: Parliament and Placemen, p. 618-619.
  • The Economist, Nov. 22, 1941; Notes of the Week, The Mood of Parliament, p. 619-620.
  • The Times, Nov. 27, 1941; Leader: Mr. Morrison's Reply, p. 5.
  • The Times, Nov. 27, 1941; Politics and Parliament, House of Commons, Wed. Nov. 26, p. 8.
  • The Manchester Guardian, Dec. 18, 1941, Liberal Party Urges Changes in Regulation 18B.
  • The Daily Mirror, Dec. 20, 1941, The Banned Broadcast.
  • The Scotsman, Jan. 14, 1942, Mr. Liversidge: Release of Man Whose Appeal Started Law Controversy.
  • The Times, July 22, 1942; Politics and Parliament, House of Commons, Tues. July 21, p. 8.
  • The Guardian, October 23, 2001; Hijacking justice in the name of national security, by Hugo Young.